高一英语:必修一期末考必背知识点2 Earthquakes
2)A large number of students went to see Mr. Zhang when he was ill.张老师生病的时候有许多的学生去看望他。
Only a small number of people are against this plan.只有少数人反对这个计划。
辨析：a number of / the number of
a number of 意思为“许多”。中心词为of后面的复数形式。
the number of 的意思为 “…的数量”，中心词为number，因此，“the number of +复数名词”，做主语时谓语动词为单数第三人称形式。
例如：
The number of books in our library is going up.我们图书馆里的藏书数量正在上升。
The number of the students in our class is 57. 我们班的学生人数为57人。
A number of students are playing football on the playground. 许多的学生在操场上踢足球。
5.The number of people who lost homes reached as many as 250000. 无家可归的人数达到25万。
短语“as many as” 意思为“和…一样多，多达”，修饰可数名词;as much as 与as many as 意思相同，但是修饰不可数名词。类似的表达法还有：
as long as 长达 as high as 高达 as wide as 宽达
The great fire burned down as many as twenty buildings. 那场大火烧毁的房屋达到20之多。
He lost as much as 1000 yuan . 他丢的钱多达1000元。
The film lasts as long as two hours. 这部电影长达2个小时。
The mountain reaches as high as 2000 metres. 那座山高达2000米。
The road is as wide as 10 metres. 这条路宽达10米。
6.辨析：as / when / while
这三个词都有“当……的时候”的意思。但用法稍有不同。
as强调“一边……一边……”或是“与……同时，侧重表示主句的动作同时发生。
when既可以表示时间地点也可以表示时间段。
while只表示时间段，不表示时间点。它后面必须是延续性的动词，而且多为进行时态。当从句的谓语的动词为延续性动词时三者都可以替换使用。
例如：
When I got home, he was having supper. 我到家的时候，他正在吃晚饭。
I liked dancing when I was young. 我年轻时喜欢跳舞。
They talked as they walked. 他们边走边谈。
A thief broke in as / while / when I was sleeping.在我睡觉的时候小偷闯了进来。
While / When/ As we were still laughing, the teacher came in. 当我们仍还在大笑，老师进来了。
Strike the iron while it is hot. 趁热打铁。
8.A wide and busy road which was built like a bridge over another road fell into the one below,. Many people were killed in their cars, but a few lucky ones were not hurt.一座以立交桥车辆川流不息的马路塌陷到桥下面的路面上。很多人被压死在自己的车里，但是也有少数幸运的人没有受伤。
这两个句子中one(s)是代词，用来代替或是避免重复上文提到的名词。one只可替代可数名词，其复数形式为ones. 第一句中的one代替road，第二句中的ones代替people。
例如：
If the earthquake is a big one, a great part of the city will be destroyed. 如果那是个大地震的话，城市的大部分地区将要被毁掉。
I would like a pound of apples, the red ones. 我要一英镑苹果，红苹果。
He had no excuse for his being late, but he had to fine one. 他迟到找不着借口，但是他必须找一个。
If you don't like these cups, I have other ones. 要是你不喜欢这些杯子，我还有别的。
9.Third, you must make the houses as strong as possible. 第三，应该把房屋建的尽可能结实。
As…as possible是个固定搭配，中间可加形容词或副词，意思为“尽可能的…”。
例如：
He had his breakfast as quickly as possible. 他尽可能快的吃了早饭。
Please come as early as possible tomorrow. 明天请尽可能早来。
They keep the classroom as clean as possible.他们尽可能的保持教室清洁。
12.Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake , but strong ones may stay up. 不结实的建筑物会在地震中倒塌，而结实的建筑物则可能安然无恙。
短语stay up 的意思是“挺立，站立，熬夜”等。
例如：
You must stay up in time of difficulty. 困难面前你必须要挺住。
He stayed up all night. 他通宵未睡。
He has been working for almost a whole day, but he can stay up. 他干了快一整天了，但是还是挺得住。
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